美驻华大使撰文 倡议中美合作用科学抗击艾滋病

　　

　　原题：中国和美国：以科学为先导，为抗击艾滋病开展联合行动

　　作者：美国驻华大使骆家辉

　　每年的12月1日，我们纪念世界艾滋病日。在这一天，我们反思因患上获得性免疫缺陷综合症（艾滋病）而失去的生命和永远被改变的生命。12月1日也是向全球3400万艾滋病毒感染者致敬的机会。今天在中国，我们庆祝被救治的生命和病情好转的生命，并且我们再次承诺抗击艾滋病。

　　值此世界艾滋病日，我们强调科学是前进的道路。最近的科学突破改变了我们对艾滋病未来的展望。抗逆转录病毒治疗目前已显著减少了96％的人类免疫缺陷病毒（艾滋病毒）的传输可能性，这种病毒导致艾滋病。第一次，我们有了一个从地球上消除这种疾病的潜在途径。通过运用这个新知识，我们可以确保更有效的方案得以实施，以向包括中国人在内的全世界数百万人提供艾滋病毒的预防、治疗和护理。

　　中国和世界各地已经取得了相当大的进展。现在，中国政府向所有那些感染了艾滋病毒的人提供免费护理和治疗。随着中国国家艾滋病毒项目的不断完善和扩大，美国疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）和美国国际开发署（USAID）已经通过技术援助和培训建立了能力，加强了卫生系统，并支持当地机构发挥主导作用。CDC在安徽和广西农村所建立的艾滋病毒临床培训中心就是很好的例子。通过实施美国总统的防治艾滋病紧急救援计划（PEPFAR），CDC和USAID引入了创新的、以科学为基础的项目。PEPFAR的关键贡献有，15个省随访和转诊率的提高，全国艾滋病参比实验室试验能力改善，以及在高发病率的云南省开发一个获得殊荣的一揽子全面预防服务。

　　我们正与中国共同合作，利用明智的投资挽救更多生命。挽救受感染生命和预防其他人受感染的治疗与母婴传播预防、医学上的自愿男性包皮环切术、艾滋病毒测试及其它，被证明是关键性的干预。在我们所做的一切中，我们正将重点放在尽可能有效和有效率地利用我们的资源，来使我们的投资对人类的影响最大化。奥巴马总统的全球健康行动计划正在利用PEPFAR中所建立的整个健康系统，以一种更综合和全面的方式来应对公共健康挑战。

　　尽管处在具有挑战的经济时代，美国仍致力于在应对全球艾滋病方面发挥领导作用。应对这一疾病的挑战将需要各方的承诺——包括受影响国家的政府，捐助国政府，公民社会，基于信仰的组织，以及私营部门。

　　今天，我们认识到在抵御艾滋病毒方面已经走了多远，同时也承认我们还有一段路要走。值此世界艾滋病日之际，我们与中国站在一起。让我们以科学为路线图，继续努力实现无艾滋病一代的目标。

　　（责任编辑：袁志丽）

　　

　　附英文原文：

　　China and America: Leading With Science， Uniting for Action on HIV/AIDS

　　By Gary F. Locke

　　Every year on December 1， we commemorate World AIDS Day. It is a day to reflect on lives lost， and lives forever changed， as a result of Aquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). December 1 is also an opportunity to pay tribute to more than 34 million people living with HIV worldwide. Today in China， we celebrate those lives saved and improved and we recommit to the fight against AIDS.

　　On this World AIDS Day， we emphasize science as the way forward. Recent scientific breakthroughs have altered our outlook on the future of AIDS. Anti-retroviral treatments have now been shown to reduce the likelihood of transmission of the AIDS-causing Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) by a remarkable 96%. For the first time， we have a potential path to eliminate this disease from the globe. By using this new knowledge， we can ensure more effective programs are implemented to provide HIV prevention， treatment， and care to millions of people worldwide， including the people of China.

　　Significant strides have been made in China and throughout the world. The government of China now provides free care and treatment to all those infected with HIV. As the national HIV program in China continues to improve and expand， the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) have built capacity， strengthened health systems， and supported country leadership through technical assistance and training. The Rural HIV Clinical Training Centers the CDC established in Anhui and Guangxi are good examples of this. By implementing the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)， CDC and USAID have introduced innovative， science-based programs. Among PEPFAR’s key contributions are increasing follow-up and referral rates in 15 provinces， improvements in laboratory capacity at the National AIDS Reference Laboratory and in the provinces， and developing an award-winning comprehensive prevention package of services in the high-prevalence province of Yunnan.

　　Working with China， we are embracing smart investments to save more lives. Treatment – both to save the lives of those infected， and to prevent infection of others – is a key evidence-based intervention， along with prevention of mother-to-child transmission， voluntary medical male circumcision， HIV testing and others. In all we do， we are focusing on using our resources as effectively and efficiently as possible to maximize the human impact of our investments. President Obama’s Global Health Initiative is using health systems built through PEPFAR to address public health challenges in a more integrated and comprehensive way.

　　Despite challenging economic times， the United States remains committed to a leadership role in the global AIDS response. Meeting the challenge of this disease will require commitment from all parties – including the governments of affected countries， donor governments， civil society， faith-based organizations， and the private sector.

　　Today， we recognize how far we have come in turning the tide against HIV， while acknowledging the lengths we still must travel. On this World AIDS Day， we stand together with China. With science as the roadmap， let us renew our efforts to reach the goal of an AIDS-free generation.

　　（责任编辑：袁志丽）